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Translated Texts
The Annals of Ulster, AD 431–1131, ed. Mac Airt and Gearóid Mac Niocaill (Dublin, 1983); AD 1155–1201, ed. B. Mac Carthy (Dublin, 1893).
The Annals of Ulster, AD 1202–1378, ed. B. Mac Carthy (Dublin, 1893).
The Annals of Ulster, AD 1379–1541, ed. B. Mac Carthy (Dublin, 1895).
The Annals of Tigernach, trans. by G. Mac Niocaill (unpublished). In progress.
The Annals of Inisfallen, MS Rawlinson B.5 03, ed. S. Mac Airt (Dublin, 1988).
The Annals of Inisfallen, Prepatrician Section, MS Rawlinson B.5 03, ed. S. Mac Airt (Dublin, 1988).
The Annals of the Kingdom of Ireland by the Four Masters [Annála Ríoghachta Éireann], Vol. 1, ed. John O'Donovan (Dublin, 1848–51).
The Annals of the Kingdom of Ireland by the Four Masters [Annála Ríoghachta Éireann], Vol. 2, ed. John O'Donovan (Dublin, 1848–51).
The Annals of the Kingdom of Ireland by the Four Masters [Annála Ríoghachta Éireann], Vol. 3, ed. John O'Donovan (Dublin, 1848–51).
The Annals of the Kingdom of Ireland by the Four Masters [Annála Ríoghachta Éireann], Vol. 4, ed. John O'Donovan (Dublin, 1848–51).
The Annals of the Kingdom of Ireland by the Four Masters [Annála Ríoghachta Éireann], Vol. 5, ed. John O'Donovan (Dublin, 1848–51).
The Annals of the Kingdom of Ireland by the Four Masters [Annála Ríoghachta Éireann], Vol. 6, ed. John O'Donovan (Dublin, 1848–51).
Annals of Loch Cé, a Chronicle of Irish affairs from A.D. 1014 to A.D. 1590 Vol. 1, ed. William M. Hennessy (Dublin, 1871).
Annals of Loch Cé, a Chronicle of Irish affairs from A.D. 1014 to A.D. 1590 Vol. 2, ed. William M. Hennessy (Dublin, 1871).
The Annals of Connacht [Annála Connacht], ed. A. Martin Freeman (Dublin, 1970).
Miscellaneous Irish Annals (A.D.1114–1437), Fragment I [Mac Carthaigh's Book], ed. and transl. by Séamus Ó hInnse (Dublin: DIAS 1947).
Miscellaneous Irish Annals (A.D.1114–1437), Fragment II, ed. and transl. by Séamus Ó hInnse (Dublin: DIAS 1947).
Miscellaneous Irish Annals (A.D.1114–1437), Fragment III, ed. and transl. by Séamus Ó hInnse (Dublin: DIAS 1947).
Chronicon Scotorum, transl. by William M. Hennessy (London: Longmans 1866) and Gearóid Mac Niocaill (unpublished manuscript).
Fragmentary Annals of Ireland, ed. and transl. by Joan Newlon Radner (Dublin: DIAS 1978).
The Annals of Clonmacnoise, ed. Denis Murphy (Dublin, 1896).
The Irish Version of the Historia Britonum of Nennius, ed. James Henthorn Todd, Dublin 1848.
The Battle of Carnn Conaill, ed. Whitley Stokes, Zeitschrift für Celtische Philologie 3 (1901).
The three drinking-horns of Cormac úa Cuinn (From the Liber Flavus Fergusiorum), ed. E. J. Gwynn, Ériu 2 (1905) 186–88.
Geoffrey Keating: History of Ireland, Book I–II (Vol. I–III), ed. D. Comyn and P. Dinneen (London 1902–1908).
The Triumphs of Turlough, ed. Standish Hayes O'Grady, ITS 26/27, 1929. (This text was scanned for CELT by a volunteer.)
The Flight of the Earls, ed. and trans. Paul Walsh, Maynooth and Dublin 1916.
Cáin lánamna (The law of the couple), translated by Donnchadh Ó Corráin, 'Early medieval law, c. 700–1200', in: Angela Bourke, Siobhán Kilfeather, Maria Luddy, Margaret Mac Curtain, Geraldine Meaney, Máirín Ní Dhonnchadha, Mary O'Dowd and Clair Wills (eds.), The Field Day anthology of Irish writing, iv (Cork 2002), 6–44: 22–26.
Lebor na Cert [Book of Rights], ed. and trans. Myles Dillon. Dublin: ITS vol. 46, 1962.
The Irish Triads, ed. by Kuno Meyer. Todd Lecture Series 13, London 1906.
The Tribes and Customs of Hy-Many, ed. John O'Donovan (Dublin 1843). (Irish file includes English translation.)
A Poem on the Kings of Connaught, ed. M. F. Liddell, Zeitschrift für Celtische Philologie 9 (1913) 461–469.
The Metrical Dindshenchas, Volume 1, ed. and trans. Edward Gwynn, Dublin: Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies 1991.
The Metrical Dindshenchas, Volume 2, ed. and trans. Edward Gwynn, Dublin: Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies 1991.
The Metrical Dindshenchas, Volume 3, ed. and trans. Edward Gwynn, Dublin: Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies 1991.
The Metrical Dindshenchas, Volume 4, ed. and trans. Edward Gwynn, Dublin: Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies 1991.
Bethu Brigte [The Life of Brigit], ed. Donncha Ó hAodha (Dublin: DIAS 1978).
On the Life of Saint Patrick [Betha Phatraic], ed. Whitley Stokes (Calcutta 1877).
On the Life of Saint Brigit [Betha Brigte], ed. Whitley Stokes (Calcutta 1877).
On the Life of Saint Columba [Betha Choluim Chille], ed. Whitley Stokes (Calcutta 1877).
Life of Mac Creiche [Betha Meic Creiche], ed. Charles Plummer, Miscellanea Hagiographica Hibernica (Brussels 1925) 53–91.
Life of Naile, ed. Charles Plummer, Miscellanea Hagiographica Hibernica (Brussels 1925) 126–151.
Life of St. Declan of Ardmore, ed. Patrick Power, Irish Texts Society 16 (London 1914).
The Miracles of Senan [Míorbuile Senáin], ed. Charles Plummer, Zeitschrift für Celtische Philologie 10 (1914) 1–35.
Life of Colmán Son of Lúachán, Todd Lecture Series 17, ed. and transl. Kuno Meyer, 1911.
Tidings of Doomsday, ed. Whitley Stokes, Revue Celtique 4 (1879–80) 245–2–57.
Tidings of the Resurrection, ed. Whitley Stokes, Revue Celtique 25 (1904) 232–59.
The fifteen tokens of Doomsday, ed. Whitley Stokes, Revue Celtique 28 (1907).
The vision of Laisrén, ed. and trans. Kuno Meyer, Otia Merseiana 1 (1899) 113–119.
Regula Choluimb Chille, ed. William Reeves, Acts of Archbishop Colton [...], IAS, Dublin 1850, 108–112. (Irish file includes English translation.)
Cath Maige Tuired (The Second Battle of Mag Tuired), ed. Elizabeth Gray (Naas: ITS 1982).
The Second Battle of Moytura, ed. Whitley Stokes (Revue Celtique 12 (1891) 52–130, 306–308.).
The Wooing of Étain [Tochmarc Étaíne], ed. and trans. Osborn Bergin and Richard Irvine Best, Ériu 12 (1938) 137–196.
Deirdre [Longes mac nUislenn], ed. Douglas Hyde, Zeitschrift für Celtische Philologie 2 (1899).
The Wooing of Emer, ed. Kuno Meyer, Archaeological Review 1 (1888).
Táin Bó Cuailgne, Recension I, ed. Cecile O'Rahilly (Dublin: DIAS 1976).
Táin Bó Cuailgne from the Book of Leinster, ed. Cecile O'Rahilly (Dublin: DIAS 1970).
Ailill Aulom, Mac Con, and Find ua Báiscne (Laud 610), ed. Kuno Meyer, Fianaigecht (Dublin 1910) 29–41.
The Destruction of Dind Ríg [Orgain Denna Ríg], ed. Whitley Stokes, Zeitschrift für Celtische Philologie 3 (1901) 1–14.
The Adventures of Suibhne Geilt [Buile Shuibhne], ed. J. G. O'Keeffe (London 1913, ITS vol. XII).
The Death of Finn Mac Cumaill, ed. Kuno Meyer, Zeitschrift für Celtische Philologie 1 (1897) 462–465.
Liadain and Curithir: an Irish love-story of the ninth century, ed. Kuno Meyer, London 1902.
The Civil War of the Romans, ed. Whitley Stokes, Irische Texte. Leipzig 1909.
The wandering of Ulixes son of Laertes, ed. Kuno Meyer, London 1886.
The Irish Lives of Guy of Warwick and Bevis of Hampton, ed. F. N. Robinson, Zeitschrift für Celtische Philologie 6 (1908) 105–180; 298–320.
The White Hound of the Mountain [Cú bán an t-shleibhe], trans. Kuno Meyer, Zeitschrift für Celtische Philologie 1 (1897) 152–156.
Aislinge Meic Con Glinne [The Vision of MacConglinne], ed. Kuno Meyer (London: Nutt 1892).
The bardic poems of Tadhg Dall Ó Huiginn (1550–1591), ed. by Eleanor Knott.
Regimen Sanitatis (The Rule of Health) ed. H. Cameron Gillies. (Irish file includes English translation.)
Rosa Anglica, ed. W. Wulff, ITS 25, London [1923] 1929.
An Irish Astronomical Tract ed. Maura Power. (Irish file includes English translation.)
The Meaning of Birth-days ed. by Annie M. Scarre,
ZCP 10 (1915) 225–227. (Irish file includes English translation in section 2.)
Les Deux Chagrins du Royaume du Ciel [Da brón Flatha Nime], ed. and trans. Georges Dottin.
Une version irlandaise du Dialogue du Corps et l'Âme (attributé a Robert Grosseteste), ed. and trans. Georges Dottin.
Welches sind die drei, die gleich nach ihrer Geburt zuerst gesprochen haben?, ed. and trans. Rudolf Thurneysen.
Scéla Cano meic Gartnáin, ed. and trans. Rudolf Thurneysen.
Eine Variante der Brendan-Legende, ed. and trans. Rudolf Thurneysen.
Wie das Schwein des Sohnes der Stummen zerlegt wurde, ed. and trans. Rudolf Thurneysen.
Die Sage von CuRoi, ed. and trans. Rudolf Thurneysen.
Das Werben um Ailbe ed. and trans. Rudolf Thurneysen.
A Statute of the Fortieth Year of King Edward III, enacted in a parliament held in Kilkenny, A. D. 1367, before Lionel Duke of Clarence, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland in Tracts relating to Ireland, vol. 2, ed. James Hardiman (Dublin: Irish Archaeological Society, 1843).
Description of Engand and Ireland under the Restoration, by Albert Jouvin [c 1666-1668].
3. From Middle into Modern English
The Kildare Poems Translated by Angela M. Lucas (Dublin: The Columba Press 1995).
Chapters towards a History of Ireland in the reign of Elizabeth by Matthew J. Byrne, Dublin 1903. [A partial translation of Philip O'Sullivan Beare's Historiae Catholicae Iberniae compendium, Lisbon 1621.]
The Description of Ireland, by Fynes Moryson, ed. by Charles Hughes; in: C. Litton Falkiner, Illustrations of Irish History and Topography, mainly of the seventeenth century. London 1904.
The Commonwealth of Ireland, by Fynes Moryson, ed. by Charles Hughes; in: C. Litton Falkiner, Illustrations of Irish History and Topography, mainly of the seventeenth century. London 1904.
The Manners and Customs of Ireland, by Fynes Moryson, ed. by Charles Hughes; in: C. Litton Falkiner, Illustrations of Irish History and Topography, mainly of the seventeenth century. London 1904.
A Visit to Lecale, in the County of Down, in the year 1602–3, by Sir Josias Bodley, in: C. Litton Falkiner, Illustrations of Irish History and Topography, mainly of the seventeenth century. London 1904.
The Life of Columba, written by Adamnan Trans. by William Reeves (Edinburgh 1874).
Monks' Rules of Columbanus Trans. by G. S. M. Walker, Dublin, 1957.
Sermons of Columbanus Trans. by G. S. M. Walker, Dublin, 1957.
Letters of Columbanus Trans. by G. S. M. Walker, Dublin, 1957.
The Easter Controversy (by Cummianus Hibernus)
Remonstrance of the Irish Chiefs to Pope John XXII, trans. by Edmund Curtis, A history of medieval Ireland from 1086 to 1513, London 1943; 1968.
Brehon Laws Compiled by Dan McClure, a small number of interesting selected laws, unfortunately without references to sources.
Dalriada Magazine Archives. Law & Society Section. Contains Brehon Laws, Part One and Part Two. Good overview essays with references.
Dalriada Celtic Heritage Trust Brehon Laws 'The Brehon Laws' Author: L. MacDonald 1993. Brief overview without references.
Gaelic Social Structure, by Patrick M. O'Shea. A short essay without references. Part of Uasal, an educational Source for Irish Nobility, Heraldry and Genealogy.
History of Land Tenure in Ireland, by Proinnsias Killeen, including 'Christianity and the Brehon Laws' and 'Land Tenure in the Brehon Laws.' Includes some interesting Irish sources.
Ireland 5th-10th Century CE; Fascinating information on ancient Irish dress codes, according to status, regulated by Brehon Laws. The basic elements of ancient Irish dress for people in the upper classes were the léine and the brat. These lasted, with variations over time, from the earliest recorded times down to the 16th century.
List Essay Brehon Law; Very comprehensive overview of ancient Celtic Laws of Ireland as well as other countries, From: Karl Raimund To listserv: CELTIC-L@DANANN.HEA.IE Subject: Celtic Law - a short summary - Part 1 - 12. Sun, 15 Dec 1996 - Tue, 21 Oct 1997
Poyning's Law This 1495 Act, applied to Ireland, the statutes lately made in England, and made Irish Parliament subservient to the English Crown.
The Descent of the Irish Celtic Kings, After the Flood, by Bill Cooper, Chapter 8. Good essay.
Tir na Nog. Brief essay on the Brehon Laws. Well worth the read.
Using Old Irish 'Brehon' Law in Pendragon, by Mike Maxwell. Excerpted from the work in progress "The Courts of King Arthur", Peter Corless, Editor. Written for future publication by the Chaosium.
CELT; Corpus of Electronic Texts Home of the electronic text conversion project underway. Essential site, published by U.C.C. (University College Cork), Ireland. An online resource for contemporary and historical Irish documents in literature, history and politics. The U.C.C. library has huge resources, so please look around. Some very prominent scholars in residence too.
Early Manuscripts at Oxford University A must see. Digital facsimiles of complete Celtic manuscripts, scanned directly from the originals. The project forms part of the Specialized Research Collections in the Humanities initiative supported by the Higher Education Funding bodies of England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.
Henry Sumner Maine Full text of Lecture One: New Materials for the Early History of Institutions. Part of Lectures on the Early History of Institutions. John Murray Ltd. London, (1875) A landmark treatise.
Internet Ancient History Sourcebook Ancient Legal Texts Massive full text source of ancient law, except for Celtic. Fordham University project, dealing with Medieval Law, and laws of many ancient cultures. Still under construction as of June 1999 and little on Celtic Law so far, but looks promising and is certainly great for comparative purposes. There are many full text versions of classical texts. Maybe they need a suggestion too.
Medieval Sourcebook Full Text Sources Monster Site, great for comparative studies and hopefully some more Celtic soon, hosted by Fordham University in NYC.
Power of Truth This fragment is derived from the Book of Leinster, where a famous Brehon, Morann Mac Cairbre, leaves instructions for the High King, Feradach Finn Fachtnach (AD 95 - 117), in his will.
RBC Celtic Triads The ultimate compilation of Celtic Triads, compiled by John F. Wright, of Clannada.
Senchus Mor, Patrick and the Revision of The Ancient Irish Law, Chapter One from the essential book by Sophie Bryant. Liberty Order and Law - Under Native Irish Rule.
America Online, Members Links list of Medieval Celtic Manuscripts, full text sources. Some very good ones.
NetSERF The Internet Connection for Medieval Resources Over 1,000 links to all things Medieval on the Web. Very professionally done. Sponsored by the Department of History at The Catholic University of America
Antiquity Journal Index; An international journal of expert archaeology. Index to volumes 1-71 (1927-1997) available online. Though the Brehon Laws are not specifically mentioned in the Index, this is a huge resource for those willing to dig a little deeper. Certainly there is much Celtic history and a wealth of information on ancient, laws and customs of all lands.
Catholic Encyclopedia - Brehon Laws, Written by Douglas Hyde, author of A Literary History of Ireland (London, 1903) This is a very good account of the laws, as well as an invaluable insight into the times, around the turn of the century, when they were still recently rediscovered. Excellent sources cited also. There are simply hundreds of names, vital to Celtic history, and the thus the Brehon Laws, such as The Book of Kells, St. Brenach, St Brieuc (Briocus, Brioc, or Bru), Saint Brigid, written by Henry Grattan Flood, Torlogh O'Carolan (Toirdhealbhach O Cearbhalláin), Daniel O'Connell (excellent) Charles O'Conor, the "Venerable", scholar of Irish manuscripts, John O'Dugan Seághan "mor" O Dubhagáin, hereditary historian, and Eugene O'Growney a founder of the Gaelic League. As a footnote there is a piece on St. Lawrence O'Toole (Lorcan Ua TUATHAIL), (a distant relative of mine), who is being celebrated in Ireland this year as first native Archbishop of Dublin (Diocese Jubilee this year) He was taken as a hostage by Dermot McMurrogh, King of Leinster. In 1140 the boy obtained permission to enter the Celtic Abbey of Glendalough.
Old Irish and Early Christian Ireland A Basic Bibliography; Unbelievable resource, for all topics. Presented by Charles D. Wright, at Department of History,University of Kansas. No links though as originates from old list.
Bodleian Library The library itself is home to many manuscripts of Brehon Laws and Ancient Celtic Laws. An Image Catalogue is apparently under way...but not too many interesting results as far as Brehon law. Maybe they are just waiting for some suggestive emails expressing interest.
Burren College of Art - The Burren Law School, Friday April 30th - Sunday May 2nd 1999 Though the conference is past, the page gives the names of speakers, mostly Irish scholars from various disciplines, active in Brehon Law study. Mr. Greene who administers the program is very pleasant and helpful.
JANET Home Page The United Kingdom Research and Academic Network, funded by the Joint Information Systems Committee (JISC) of the Higher Education Funding Councils for England (HEFCE), Scotland (SHEFC), Wales (HEFCW) and the Department of Education for Northern Ireland (DENI).
Trinity College Dublin - Law School Trinity is home of The Book of Kells, housed in The Long Room in the Old Library, one of the finest library buildings in the world. Like the Bodlein Library, a massive repository of Brehon Laws, that sadly has not yet delivered.
LarkSpirit Bookshop Great online source of Irish Government and Legal History books, as well as other interesting topics. Many links are in fact to Amazon.com and a search of Celtic Law there is also very worthwhile.
 RIMARY SOURCES are the bread and butter of any historian. This web site contains many primary sources. Some are part of the narrative of events, others are quotations.Those sources are not included in this list.The pages that are devoted entirely to primary material, either text or illustrations, are listed here. This page is divided into topic areas, with the relevant primary sources listed under the appropriate heading. I hope you find the page useful. If you find errors and/or omissions, please let me know. | |
American affairs | Law and Order |
Chartism | Miscellaneous |
Contemporary literature: readings | Political Affairs |
The Corn Laws | Poor Relief |
The Crimean War | Public Health |
Factories and Mines | Railways |
The French Wars | Religion |
Foreign Policy | Rural Life |
Irish Affairs | Trade Unions |
AMERICAN AFFAIRS
- The 1763 Proclamation
- Dickinson's Farmer's Letters - Letter 1
- The Stamp Act
- The Declarations of the Stamp Act Congress 1765
- Jared Ingersoll's account of the parliamentary debates concerning the Stamp Act
- Thomas Hutchinson's account of the Boston riot, 26 August 1765
- The Boston Massacre 1770: a newspaper account
- The Boston Massacre 1770: Captain Preston's account
- The Gasp�e Incident: 1772
- This link will take you to a very thorough American site about the Gasp�e incident
- The Boston Tea Party: a handbill
- The Boston Tea Party: a newspaper account
- The Battle of Lexington and Concord: colonial open letter to Britain
- The Battle of Lexington and Concord: Anne Hulton's account
- The Battle of Lexington and Concord: General Gages' account
- Thomas Paine's Common Sense (will take about 2 minutes to download)
- The American Declaration of Independence (text)
- A letter written by a British soldier from Charleston, South Carolina, in the spring of 1781
- Marshall Liu Bocheng's Taboos of War
- The Treaty of Ghent, 1814
CHARTISM
- The Barnsley Manifesto - June 1838
- The People's Charter
- Attwood's speech on presenting the 1839 Charter to Parliament, 14 June 1839
- Disraeli's speech supporting the Chartists: July 1838
- The parliamentary debate on the 1842 Petition
- Opposition to universal suffrage
- The parliamentary debate on the 1848 petition
- Contemporary views of Chartism
- The trial of Samuel Holberry
- Images of Chartism, 1848
- The Trials of Lloyd and Warden
- Thomas Macaulay's speech against Chartism
- Sir Charles Napier on Chartism (see also Napier's biography)
- Sir Charles Napier on Nottingham Chartism
- New Move Chartism
- Objects of the London Democratic Association
- Richard Pilling's defence at his trial
- The procession of the 1848 Petition
- The Rotherham Handbill
- Joseph Rayner Stephens on Chartism
- Ulterior Measures
- Test pages (all primary material)
- The Newport Rising
- Splinter movements within Chartism
- The reasons and arguments behind the Chartist demands (1841)
- The Chartist Demonstration in London, 1848
CONTEMPORARY LITERATURE: READINGS
- The Letters of Junius (1768-72)
- The Greville Diaries (1818-1860)
- Principles of Population: Thomas Malthus (1798)
- Wanderings in New South Wales, Batavia, Pedir Coast, Singapore, and China; being the Journal of a Naturalist during 1832, 1833, and 1834. George Bennett, .Esq., F.L.S., Fellow of the Royal College of Surgeons, &c. London, 2 vols. 8vo. 1834.
- The Population of Great Britain and Ireland Quarterly Review, Vol. LIII; February- April 1835
- A visit to Newgate from Charles Dickens, Sketches by Boz, Scene 25 (1836)
- Dotheboys Hall from Nicholas Nickleby: Charles Dickens (1838-9), ch. 3
- Working conditions in factories from The Life and Adventures of Michael Armstrong: Frances Trollope (1840)
- Past and Present (full text): Thomas Carlyle (1843)
- The Condition of England from Thomas Carlyle, Past and Present, Book 1, Chapter 1 (1843)
- Unworking Aristocracy from Thomas Carlyle, Past and Present, Book III, Chapter 8 (1843)
- Working aristocracy from Past and Present: Thomas Carlyle (1843), Book III, ch. 9.
- Lord Monmouth after the Reform Bill from Benjamin Disraeli, Coningsby, or, the New Generation, Book IV, Chapter 3 (1844)
- The New Generation: Benjamin Disraeli, Coningsby, or, the New Generation (1844)
- The Rural Town of Marney from Benjamin Disraeli, Sybil; or, the Two Nations Book 11, Chapter 3 (1845)
- The two nations from Sybil, Benjamin Disraeli (1845), Book II, ch. 5.
- Ignorance of the working classes from Friedrich Engels, The Condition of the Working-Class in England in 1844 (1845).
- Dr. Blimber's Academy from Dombey and Son: Charles Dickens (1846-8), ch. 11.
- Lowood School from Jane Eyre: Charlotte Bronte (1847) Chapter 5.
- Collective Bargaining from Mary Barton: Elizabeth Gaskell (1848), ch. 9
- Fever in Manchester from Mary Barton: Elizabeth Gaskell (1848), ch. 6.
- Women and Children in the Mines from Harriet Martineau, History of England, Book VI, Chapter 7 (1849)
- Cheap Clothes and Nasty: Charles Kingsley, 1850
- The Great Exhibition of 1851: Prince Albert's Triumph
- What I Remarked at the Exhibition: William Makepeace Thackeray, 1851
- The little watercress girl from London Labour and the London Poor: Henry Mayhew (1851), Vol I, pp. 157-8.
- A walk in a workhouse from Charles Dickens, Household Words, 25 May 1850
- A visit to the brickmakers from Bleak House: Charles Dickens (1852-3), ch. 8.
- The Mill Owner from Shirley: Charlotte Brontë
- Utilitarian education from Hard Times: Charles Dickens (1854),Chapters l and 2
- Railway Mania from Samuel Smiles, Life of George Stephenson, Chapter 31 (1857)
- From Liverpool to Manchester in 1830 from Samuel Smiles, The Life of George Stephenson, Chapter 24 (1857)
- A village workhouse in 1830 from George Eliot, Scenes of Clerical Life: "Amos Barton" Chapter 2 (1857)
- An election in the midlands (1832) from Felix Holt the Radical: George Eliot (1866), ch. 31.
- Old England Before the Reform Bill from George Eliot, Felix Holt, the Radical, Introduction (1866)
- A liberal landlord from Middlemarch: George Eliot (1870-1), ch. 39.
- Origins of the Slave Trade from WEH Lecky, A History of England in the Eighteenth Century, Volume IV, Chapter 5 (1878)
THE CORN LAWS
- Report of the Select Committee on Import Duties (6 August 1840)
- Arguments against the Corn Laws
- Cobden's Maiden Speech in Parliament, against the Corn Laws, 25 August 1841
- Prince Albert's memorandum on the Corn Laws 25 December 1845
- A Pamphlet attacking the Anti-Corn-Law League
- Village Life in the 1830s and 1840s
- Agriculture in Ireland
- Newall's Buildings, Manchester
- A Conservative attack on the Anti-Corn-Law League
- Petitions to parliament on the Corn Laws
- Corn Law Rhymes
- Lord John Russell's Edinburgh Letter
- Peel's 1841 speech on the Corn Laws
- Disraeli's explanation to his constituents of his votes in Parliament, 1842
- Thomas Carlyle's attack on the Corn Laws (1843)
- Goulburn's letter to Peel, concerning Corn Law policy - November 1845
- Peel's Cabinet Memorandum on the Corn Laws, 1 November 1845
- Sir Robert Peel's speech on the repeal of the Corn Laws: January 22, 1846
- Peel's speech on the second reading of the Bill for the Repeal of the Corn Laws (16 February 1846)
- Peel's speech on the repeal of the Corn Laws, 4 May 1846
- Peel's Corn Law speech, 15 May 1846
- Disraeli's speech on the third reading of the Bill for the Repeal of the Corn Laws: 15 May 1846
- The Duke of Wellington's speech on the repeal of the Corn Laws: 28 May 1846
- Peel's resignation speech, 1846
FACTORIES AND MINES
Factories
- Magistrates' resolution, 1794, to limit children's hours
- The Health and Morals of Apprentices Act, 1802
- Child labour (1807)
- A Luddite attack on a Yorkshire mill (1812)
- These links go to external primary sources on Luddites
- Riots in Sheffield, 1812
- A Luddite Oath: 1812
- A 'reward' poster of the Luddite period, July 1812
- The execution of Luddites, 1813
- Sadler's speech on factory reform 1832
- Minutes of Mark Best's evidence taken before the Committee on the Factories Bill, 1833
- Samuel Coulson's evidence to the Royal Commission on Factories, 1833
- Economics of factories
- A progressive factory owner
- The Document
- "Yorkshire Slavery"
- The Factory Girl's Last Day poem by Michael Sadler
- The employment of children
- Shortage of labour in factories
- Inspectors of factories
- Long hours in factories
- The physical condition of textile workers
- 1833 Factory Act
- Hours of Labour (1836)
- A justification of the long working hours in factories (Nassau Senior)
- The Plug Plots of 1842
- Shaftesbury's speech to amend the Ten Hours' Act
- The Ten Hours Act and its Supporters
- Industrial Conditions in Manchester, 1845
- The Curse of the Factory System: John Fielden
Mines
- Public Reaction to the Disclosure of Conditions in the Coal Mines
- Contemporary Accounts of Working Conditions in the Mines
- Shaftesbury's "mines" speech
- Why parliament failed to control hours of work
- The 1842 Mines Act
- Women and Children in the Mines from Harriet Martineau, History of England, Book VI, Chapter 7 (1849)
- Conditions in the mines
- Child labour in the mines (1845)
THE FRENCH WARS
- Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen (English translation)
- The Retreat from Moscow
- The Retreat to Waterloo
FOREIGN POLICY
- Castlereagh's State Paper of 1820: Minute of the Cabinet, 5 May 1820
- A letter from William Pugsley in Cawnpore to his mother, 8 November 1857
IRISH AFFAIRS
- Transcripts of the Williamite Penal Laws can be found here (University of Minnesota Law Library)
- Jonathan Swift's Modest Proposal (1729)
- George III on his attitude towards Catholic Emancipation
- The Act of Union (1801)
- Catholic Emancipation (topic page)
- The Duke of Wellington's speech on Catholic Emancipation; 1828
- Daniel O'Connell's Election Manifesto, 1828
- The County Clare Election, 1829
- Peel and Catholic Emancipation
- An Act for the Relief of His Majesty's Roman Catholic Subjects [13 April 1829]
- Catholic Emancipation Act (1829)
- The Duke of Wellington's speech on Catholic Emancipation (2 April 1829)
- Ireland in 1835: Alexis de Tocqueville
- The Year of the Great Repeal: speech of Daniel O'Connell, 14 May 1843
- Irish grievances, 1844
- The condition of the labourers in Ireland (1845)
- Agriculture in Ireland
- The famine in Skibbereen, 1846
LAW AND ORDER
- The trial of James Watson et. al. following the Spa Fields Riots (1817) N.B.this is a very long document and will take some time to load.
- The execution of Jeremiah Brandreth, etc (1817)
- The Cato Street Conspiracy (1820)
- The Royal Commission on Constabulary Forces March 1839
- Sir Robert Peel's Nine Points of policing
- Peel's proposals for a Metropolitan Police Force
- The Metropolitan Police Act, 1829
- Peel's speech on policing in London
- Police patrols
- Contemporary comments on the police
- Prison conditions
- Conditions in prisons, 1836
- Recruiting new policemen
- The reform of prisons
- A Law for the Rich and another for the Poor (The law is an ass)
MISCELLANEOUS
- The Beggar's Petition by Thomas Moss (1766)
- Debates on the slave trade: 12/ 21 May 1789
- Casabianca (aka "The Boy stood on the Burning Deck")
- From the sublime to the ridiculous: portraits of Napoleon
- The Prince Regent
- Descriptions of Peel, the man
- The Death of Sir Robert Peel
- Peel a working class hero
- Birmingham in the late eighteenth century
- Sheffield in 1724
- Sheffield in 1830
- Soldiers at the Battle of Waterloo
- Utilitarian education, from Charles Dickens, Hard Times
- The Rural Town of Marney, from Benjamin Disraeli, Sybil; or, the Two Nations Book 11, Chapter 3 (1845)
- "A Visit to Newgate" from Charles Dickens, Sketches by Boz, Scene 25 (1836)
- The campaign for the repeal of the Test and Corporation Acts
- The opening of the Tamworth Library and Reading Room 1841
- Town and Country: Taking Stock in 1851
- The 1851 Exhibition: A National Festival
- The 1851 Census
- Census returns, 1851, 1861, 1871
POLITICAL AFFAIRS
- The Bill of Rights (1689)
- The Act of Settlement (1701)
- Royal Marriages Act 1772
- Major John Cartwright's Take Your Choice (1776) - the document is very long.
- Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen (France, 1789)
- Assessments of Lord Liverpool: contemporary and subsequent
- Assessments of Lord Castlereagh
- Assessments of Henry Addington, Viscount Sidmouth
- Assessments of Canning
- Assessments of Huskisson
- Assessments of Lord Eldon
- The government's use of spies (1817)
- The Political House that Jack Built: 1819
- The Peterloo Massacre, 1819
- A view of England in 1819
- The Masque of Anarchy (Shelley), 1819
- The Six Acts 1819
- The Queen Caroline affair (1820)
- Castlereagh's State Paper of 1820
- The Death of Lord Liverpool, 4 December 1828 - newspaper reports
- The repeal of the Test and Corporation Acts (1828)
- Daniel O'Connell's Election Manifesto, 1828
- The County Clare Election, 1828
- Shifting the ground on Catholic Emancipation
- Peel's speech on Catholic Emancipation, 5 February 1829
- The Duke of Wellington's speech on Catholic Emancipation: 2 April 1829
- Life of Wellington (1862) - Catholic Emancipation.
- Greville on Catholic Emancipation, 1829
- Wellington's speech opposing the reform of parliament, 2 November 1830
- Lord John Russell's proposals for parliamentary reform: 1 March 1831
- "Reform that you may preserve" Extracts from a speech by Thomas Babbington Macaulay, 2 March 1831
- Lord Palmerston's speech in support of the Reform Bill, 3 March 1831
- The Bristol Reform Act riots: October 1831
- The Reform Bill: parliamentary representation
- Reform after the Reform Act: a radical view
- Peel's criticism of parliamentary reform: 1832
- The Duke of Wellington and Reform: 17 May 1832
- Earl Grey and parliamentary reform: 17 May 1832
- Clumber House in a State of Defence
- Place's letter to Hobhouse 1832 (Reform Act Crisis)
- Peel's opposition to the Reform Act 1832
- Passage of the First Reform Bill from The Times (6 June 1832)
- Electoral Morality in the Reformed Era
- The Reform ministry after the Reform Act: a government defence
- The 1832 Reform Act
- Mr. Pickwick and the Eatanswill Election
- A Year at Hartlebury or The Election (1834)
- Defects in Constitutions of Municipal Corporations, according so Commissioners of 1835
- Conservative Principles
- Disraeli's assessment of Peel
- The employment of government spies
- The Tamworth Manifesto 18 December 1834
- The Conservative Party in the 1830s: a contemporary view
- Peel's defence of his acceptance of office: 24 February 1835
- Parties and politics: a Whig view (1837)
- Lord John Russell's "finality" speech: 20 November 1837
- Whigs and Liberals, 1838
- A Disillusioned Whig (1838)
- Conservative principles, 1838
- Peel's speech on the Bedchamber Crisis (1839)
- Peel on the position of Prime Minister, 1841
- Thomas Carlyle on The Condition of England (1843)
- Peel's speech on the Bank Charter Act (1844)
- An attack on Peel's policies, 1845
- Clarendon's Memorandum on the state of the Whig party, June, 1846
- Peel's accident (1850)
- The death of Sir Robert Peel, July 1850
- Peel a 'working class hero'
- Peel: a tribute (1850?)
- Disraeli's speech on the Reform Bill: 15 July 1867
- Gladstone's speech on the accomplishments of his ministry (1871)
POOR RELIEF
- A Village Workhouse in 1830 from George Eliot, Scenes of Clerical Life: "Amos Barton" Chapter 2 (1857)
- The Andover Workhouse scandal, 1845-6
- The Huddersfield Workhouse scandal
- Printed attacks on the Poor Law Amendment Act
- The Book of Murder
- Plans of Workhouses
- Principles of a sound system of Poor Relief
- Deterrence as a weapon against those seeking poor relief
- A typical workhouse diet
- English Charity: Quarterly Review Vol. LIII, February-April 1835 (John Murray, London, 1835), pp. 473-539. This is a very long document and may take some time to down-load.
- Joseph Fielden's opposition to the Poor Law Amendment Act, 1836-8
- The state of the Huddersfield Union (April 1838)
- The "good old system" of poor relief
- The burdens and evils associated with the old Poor Laws
- Poor Houses before 1834
- The New Poor Law, 14 August 1834
- The reduction in poor relief in Northumberland after 1834
- Unpopularity of the 1834 Poor Law Amendment Act
- The Workhouse: contemporary illustrations
- Workhouse rules
- Justifying giving of outdoor relief
- Thomas Carlyle's attack on the workhouse (1843)
- A Walk in a Workhouse from Charles Dickens, Household Words, 25 May 1850.
PUBLIC HEALTH
- Bad housing
- Burials (Chadwick's Sanitary Report and Engels)
- Inadequate Cleansing
- Inadequate waste disposal
- Bad drainage and poor water supplies
- The use of food adulteration
- The Moral and Physical Condition of the Working Classes in Manchester (1832)
- Overcrowding
- Lack of recreational facilities in towns
- Resistance to the Poor Law Board's orders
- A Glasgow court
- Manchester in 1844
- Slums in Manchester from Friedrich Engels, The Condition of the Working-Class in England in 1844 ( 1845)
- Open sewers
- Extracts from Edwin Chadwick's Sanitary Report
- Slums in Manchester from Friedrich Engels, The Condition of the Working-Class in England in 1844 ( 1845)
- A cholera poster
- The march of the bricks and mortar
RAILWAYS
- The benefits of railways
- Demolition of houses for railway building
- Railway accidents
- The opening of the Stockton-Darlington railway line, 1825
- A first journey by rail
- Passenger accommodation
- The Rainhill Trials, 1829
- The results of the railway revolution
- Easier travel for the working classes
- The death of William Huskisson
- "No peace for the dead"
- From Liverpool to Manchester in 1830, from Samuel Smiles, The Life of George Stephenson, Chapter 24 (1857)
- The 1842 Railway Act
- The 1844 Railway Act
- Railway Mania from Samuel Smiles,Life of George Stephenson, Chapter 31 (1857)
RELIGION
- The Thirty-nine Articles of the Anglican faith
- The Anglican Catechism of 1662
- The campaign for the repeal of the Test and Corporation Acts
- Daniel O'Connell's Election Manifesto, 1828
- The Duke of Wellington's speeches on the Repeal of the Test and Corporations Acts, 1824-8
- The House of Commons Debate on the Repeal of the Corporation and Test Acts, 18 February 1828
- Catholic Emancipation: topic page. The primary sources are listed on the topic page.
- Life of Wellington (1862) — Catholic Emancipation
- An Indignant Dissenter: Baptist Magazine (3 ser.), xxv-597-600 (December 1833)
- Dissenting Agitation Continued: Baptist Magazine, xxvi. 255 (June 1834)
- An Indignant Anglican: British Magazine, vi.273-8 (September 1834) Correspondence
- The Ecclesiastical Commission of 1835: Peel Memoirs, ii-72-5
- Tracts for the Times: Tract 1 (1833) John Henry, Cardinal Newman
- The Whig Educational Scheme of 1839
- Anglican Views on National Education
- A Dissenting Protest against Anglican Claims: 1840
- Sir James Graham's Factory Education Scheme, 1843
- National Education: The Failure of a Policy
RURAL LIFE
- The condition of the labourers in Ireland (1845)
- Agriculture in Ireland
- Thomas Carlyle on the Condition of England Question
- The Destruction of the Rural Economy, 1825
- Report of the Poor Law Commissioners on the agricultural disturbances of 1830
- The Rural War, 1830
- Old England Before the Reform Bill from George Eliot, Felix Holt, the Radical, Introduction (1866)
TRADE UNIONS
- The Document
- The Tolpuddle Martyrs
- George Loveless' account of the events of 1834: the Tolpuddle Martyrs
- The Grand National Consolidated Trade Union
Last modified 16 October, 2009 |
The Royal Irish Academy The Royal Irish Academy is the principal learned society in Ireland (I quote), founded in 1785 as a society for "promoting the study of science, polite literature and antiquities". Today, the Academy is at the centre of Irish educational life and, particularly through its National Committees, Research Projects, Library and Publications, it helps to coordinate scholarship on a cross-institutional, inter-disciplinary, national and international basis.
Nick Szabo -- History of Law and Governance Resources Great timeline links to legal resources covering law from Egypt, through Brehon Laws to Cyberspace. Organized by topic as well.
Old Ireland - History Elizabeth continues the Conquest; Part of a History of the Irish Race. Very well presented chronological history site, with a good deal of detail. Not much specifically on the laws, but good background. Lacks references too, for all its glossiness. Part of: ireland.org, a good general launching site.
Government of Ireland - Dept of Foreign Affairs - Embassy and Consular Services
Ireland.com - The Irish Times - FEATURES
Old Irish and Early Christian Ireland A Basic Bibliography
The Irish Parliamentary Tradition Oireachtais. The Irish Parliament Home Page
Browse images of manuscripts
Contents
| Introduction List of manuscripts, arranged by century and country of origin:
|  |
Introduction
About a thousand images can be reached from this page. Information about the manuscripts and the digital images can be found at the bottom of this page, and at the bottom of the pages with the images themselves, under the following headings:
A considerable number of Oxford's most important manuscripts have been digitized at high resolution in their entirety: these images can be reached from http://image.ox.ac.uk/.
List of manuscripts, arranged by century and country of origin
11th century
England
- Ps.-Apuleius, Herbal, in Latin
England, St. Augustine's abbey, Canterbury; 11th century, c. 1070-1100- MS. Ashmole 1431 (35 images)
- Ps.-Apuleius, Dioscorides, Herbals (extracts), etc., in Latin and English
England, Bury St. Edmunds; 11th century, late- MS. Bodl. 130 (47 images)
Miscellaneous 11th-century manuscripts
12th century
England
- Augustine, Soliloquies, etc., in Latin
England, Winchcombe Abbey (Gloucestershire); 12th century, second quarter- MS. Lat. th. d. 46 (4 images)
- Medical and herbal texts, in Latin
England; 12th century, late- MS. Ashmole 1462 (71 images)
Miscellaneous 12th-century manuscripts
13th century
England
- Bible, with select Masses, in Latin
England, Oxford; 13th century, first half.
Illuminated in the style of, and perhaps by, William de Brailes- MS. Lat. bib. e. 7 (72 images)
France
- Cistercian Missal, in Latin
France, Pontigny; datable to 1203-14- MS. Bywater adds. 2 (16 images)
Italy
- Gregory IX, Decretals, with the apparatus of Bernard of Parma, in Latin
Italy, Modena/Bologna; 13th century, dated 1241- MS. Lat. th. b. 4 (15 images)
Miscellaneous 13th-century manuscripts
Late 13th to early 14th century
England
- Fragments of polyphonic music, in Latin ('The Worcester Fragments')
England, Worcester; late 13th - early 14th century- MS. Lat. liturg. d. 20 (31 images)
Miscellaneous late 13th- to early 14th-century manuscripts
14th century
England
- Breviary of the Benedictine Abbey of Chertsey, in Latin (fragments and cuttings)
England; 14th century, first quarter, 1307 or later- MS. Lat. liturg. d. 42 (49 images)
- MS. Lat. liturg. e. 6 (5 images)
- MS. Lat. liturg. e. 37 (8 images)
- MS. Lat. liturg. e. 39 (10 images)
- John Wyclif, Sermons on the Sunday Epistles and Gospels, etc., in English (northern dialect) and Latin
England; 14th century- MS. Don. c. 13 (21 images)
- Fragments of polyphonic music (motets), in Latin and French
England, Bury St. Edmunds; 14th century- MS. e Mus. 7 (4 images)
- Noted Missal, Use of Sarum, in Latin ('The Buckland Missal')
England; 14th century, c. 1370-80(?)- MS. Don. b. 5 (26 images)
Italy
- Antiphoners, in Latin (twelve leaves from three(?) different sets of Franciscan(?) volumes)
Italy, Pisa; mid and late 14th century- MS. Don. a. 11 (34 images)
- Dante, Divine Comedy, in Italian
North Italy, Genoa(?); 14th century, third quarter- MS. Holkham misc. 48:
- Inferno (55 images)
- Purgatorio (56 images)
- Paradiso (36 images)
- Fragments of polyphonic music: mass-settings, in Latin, Italian and French
Italy; late 14th-century- MS. Canon. Pat. Lat. 229, fols. 53-56 (8 images)
Miscellaneous 14th-century manuscripts
Late 14th to early 15th century
England
- Roger Dymmock, Liber contra duodecim haereses et errores Lollardorum, in Latin and English
England; c. 1400- MS. Lat. th. e. 30 (6 images)
15th century
England
- Private prayers and Offices, Use of Sarum, in Latin, with instructions to the illuminator in English
Northern England; early 15th century- MS. Lat. liturg. e. 17 (6 images)
- Psalter and Missal excerpts, in Latin ('The Whetenal Psalter')
England; early 15th century, with additions- MS. Don. d. 85 (44 images)
- Fragment of a choirbook containing polyphonic music (Agnus dei), in Latin
England; 15th century, c. 1420-30.- MS. Don. b. 31 (7 images)
- Fragments of polyphonic music, in English, French, and Latin
England; 15th century, first half- MS. Douce 381, fols. 20-23 (6 images)
- Psalter and prayers, in Latin and English
England; 15th century, second half- MS. Lat. liturg. e. 47 (5 images)
- Nicholas Upton, De studio militari, in Latin
England; 15th century, second half- MS. Holkham misc. 31 (22 images)
- Treatises on Heraldry, in Latin and English
England; 15th century, second half- MS. Lat. misc. e. 86 (22 images)
- Missal, Use of Sarum ('The Closworth Missal')
England; 15th century, third quarter- MS. Don. b. 6 (20 images)
Miscellaneous 15th-century English manuscripts
France
- Book of Hours, Use of Angers, in Latin
France, Angers(?); 15th century, c. 1470s- MS. Don. f. 33 (11 images)
Germany
Miscellaneous 15th-century German manuscripts
Italy
- Cicero, Letters, in Latin
Italy, North-east, Ferrara(?); 15th century, first half- MS. Lat. class. c. 7 (10 images)
- Hugo de Prato florido, Sermons, in Latin
Italy, Parma, the Dominican convent; dated 1439
Written by Johannes Bellus of Ferrara- MS. Lat. th. e. 50 (4 images)
- Jerome, Epistolae morales et ad mulieres destinate, in Latin
Italy, Padua; 15th century, c. 1450-60- MS. Lat. th. c. 31 (5 images)
- Boccaccio, Decameron, in Italian
Italy, Ferrara; c. 1467
Illuminated by Taddeo Crivelli for Teofilo Calcagnini- MS. Holkham misc. 49 (30 images)
- Old Testament Books of Proverbs, Ecclesiastes, and Ecclesiasticus, in Latin
Italy, Venice(?); 15th century, c. 1470-80- MS. Don. f. 30 (9 images)
Miscellaneous 15th-century Italian manuscripts
The Netherlands
- Book of Hours (single leaves from), in Latin
Holland; 15th century, c. 1420-30- MS. Douce d. 19, fols. 41-62 (22 images)
- Book of Hours, in Dutch
The Netherlands, Utrecht diocese(?); 15th century, second quarter- MS. Buchanan f. 3 (10 images)
- Missal, Use of Utrecht, in Latin
The Netherlands, Utrecht; mid 15th century- MS. Lat. liturg. b. 9 (5 images)
- Psalter-Hours, in Dutch
Holland, Haarlem?; 15th century, c. 1460-70- [MS.] Broxb. 89.10 (14 images)
- Book of Hours, in Dutch
North Holland;15th century, c. 1465-70- [MS.] Broxb. 89.8 (15 images)
- Thomas à Kempis,Various works, in Latin
The Netherlands; 15th century, second half- MS. Lat. th. f. 10 (4 images)
- Book of Hours, in Dutch
The Northern Netherlands, Enkhuisen(?); 15th century, after 1471- MS. Buchanan f. 1 (15 images)
- Bridgettine Breviary, in Latin
The Netherlands, North Brabant; late 15th century- MS. Buchanan f. 2 (12 images)
Miscellaneous 15th-century Netherlandish manuscripts
Late 15th to early 16th century
England
- Commonplace book of Humphrey Newton (1466-1536), of Pownall, Cheshire, in Latin and English
England; 15th and 16th centuries
Including calligraphic alphabets, and drawings.- MS. Lat. misc. c. 66 (23 images)
France
- Book of Hours, in Latin and French
France, Rouen; late 15th or early 16th century- MS. Buchanan e. 3:
- Calendar (12 images)
- Miniatures (14 images)
The Netherlands
- Hours of the Holy Spirit and prayers, in Latin with English rubrics
Made in Flanders for an English patron; late 15th or early 16th century- MS. Lat. liturg. g. 5 (23 images)
Miscellaneous late 15th to early 16th century manuscripts
16th century
England
- Founders' and benefectors' book of Tewkesbury Abbey, in Latin
England, Tewkesbury; 16th century, first quarter- MS. Top. Glouc. d. 2 (25 images)
Miscellaneous 16th-century manuscripts
17th century
- 'Tradescant's Orchard': watercolours of garden fruits, arranged roughly by date of ripening; made perhaps in association with the elder John Tradescant
17th century, 1620s?- MS. Ashmole 1461:
- fols. iv verso - 53r (27 images)
- fols. 55r-111r (23 images)
- fols. 113r-149r (21 images)
To continue looking at legal history texts in the middle ages, see the Medieval Legal History page, at the Medieval Sourcebook, which also provides more texts than here on later Roman law, English Common Law, Jewish Law, and Muslim Sharia.
For comparative purposes, also included here are legal and constitutional texts from Ancient India, China, and Japan.
Comparative topics in interest to students might include:
- LAWGIVERS: Moses, Solon, Lycurgus, Manu
- General
- Ancient Near East
- Greece and Hellenism
- Rome: Republic and Empire
- Other Ancient Cultures
Notes:
In addition to direct links to documents, links are made to a number of other web resources.
2ND
Link to a secondary article, review or discussion on a given topic. MEGA
Link to one of the megasites which track web resources. WEB
Link to a website focused on a specific issue.. These are not links to every site on a given topic, but to sites of serious educational value. Contact the ARGOS limited area web search engine to find out more about a topic or subject.
- WEB Legal History Links [At Pitt]
- 2ND The Timetable of World Legal History [At Duhaime]
Ancient Legal History: Discussions
- 2ND Henry Sumner Maine: Ancient Law [At McMaster]
Sumeria (c. 3100-c. 2000 BCE)
- The Emergence of Kingship: Inscription of Umma and Lagash, c. 2500BCE [At Then Again]
- Shamash Hymn [At Enteract.com]
The justice of the god.
Akkadia (c.2350-2200 BCE)
Babylonia (c.2000-1600 BCE)
- A Collection of Mesopotamian Laws, c. 2250 - 550 BCE [At this Site]
- A Collection of Contracts from Mesopotamia, c. 2300 - 428 BCE [At this Site]
- Code of Hammarabi
- Code of Hammarabi c.1780 BCE [This Site][Full Text, with introductions]
Hammurabi (or Hammarapi), r. c. 1792-1750 BCE - Code of Hammarabi c.1780 BCE [At EAWC][Full Text]
- Code of Hammarabi c.1780 BCE extracts [At WSU]
- Code of Hammarabi c.1780 BCE extracts and images [At K. C. Hanson's website]
- Code of Hammarabi c.1780 BCE [This Site][Full Text, with introductions]
Kassites and Hittites (c.1600-717 BCE)
- Code of the Nesilim, c. 1650-1500 BCE
Excerpts on sex and gender matters.
Assyria (c.1350- 612 BCE)
- Code of the Assyrians, c. 1075 BCE
Excerpts on sex and gender matters. - Tiglathpileser I (r. 1115-1077 BCE): Inscription [At Then Again]
- Tiglathpileser I, King of Assyria, B.C (r. 1115-1077 BCE): Inscription [At MUniv]
Chaldea/Neo-Babylonia (612-539 BCE)
- Inscription of Nebuchadnezzar (r. 604-561 BCE) [At M Univ]
- Ishtar Gate Inscription c.600 BCE [At K. C. Hanson's website]
- Treaty between Mursilis and Duppi-Tessub ANET 203-5 [At Internet Archive, from Creighton]
- Some Neo-Babylonian Legal Decisions, c. 555-427 BCE [At this Site]
Phoenicia 950 BCE on
Carthage: The Punic Empire
- Aristotle: The Constitution of Carthage, c. 340 BCE, from Politics [This Site]
Gender and Sexuality
- For Women: see WEB Diotima
- Old Assyrian Marriage Contract 19th Cent. BCE [At U. Penn.]
- The Instruction of Ptah-Hotep, 6th Dynasty [This Site]
- The Instruction of Ptah Hotep 6th Dynasty (2300-2150 BCE)[in Egyptian][on AOL]
Contains Middle Kingdom copies of an Old Kingdom text. - Egyptian economic and legal documents [At Diotima][added 10/14/98 to ANE/Egypt page]
Gender and Sexuality
- For Women: see WEB Diotima
- Status of Women in Egyptian Society, by Peter Piccione [At Internet Archive, from NWU]
- The Exodus and Sinai Covenant [At Internet Archive, from CUA][Modern Summary]
- Reforms By Hezekiah (r. 715-687 BCE): 2 Chronicles 30:1-
The enforcement of Monotheism.
See 2ND Oded Borowski: Hezekiah's Reforms and the Revolt against Assyria [At TFBA][Modern Account] - Discovery of Deuteronomy (c.621 BCE): 2 Kings 18:4, 22
- Ezra, excerpts [At Then Again]
Nehemiah (gov. c.445-c.433) and Ezra (mid-5th Cent. BCE) define the Community - Pharisees
- 1 Maccabees 7:12-25
- Josephus (37- after 93 CE): Antiquities 13:10:6, 297
- 2ND D R de Lacey: In Search of a Pharisee [At Ioudaios][Modern Account]
- 2ND Steve Mason: Current Scholarship on the Pharisees [At Ioudaios][Modern Account]
- The Qumran Sect
- The Dead Sea Scrolls
- The Community Rule [At ibiblio]
- WEB Scrolls from the Dead Sea [Website-UNC]
See especially the extensive text page. - WEB Dead Sea Scroll Texts [At UPenn]
- WEB Dead Sea Scrolls [At LCongress]
- The Dead Sea Scrolls
- Rabbinic Judaism
- WEB Post Biblical Judaism [Online Course-U Alberta]
- The Talmud
- Page from the Babylonian Talmud [At Calgary]
- Cyrus (b.580-r.560/59-529 BCE, ): Cylinder Recording Conquest of Babylon (mid 6th Cent. BCE) [At British Museum]
- Kurash (Cyrus) the Great: Decree of Return for the Jews, 539 BCE [At this Site]
From Persian and Biblical sources. - Accounts of Persian "Despotism" and Law, c. 430-300 BCE [At this Site]
From Herodotus and Biblical sources. - WEBAchaemenid Royal Inscriptions [At U Chicago]
Persian Religions
- WEB Avesta Page [Website]
A significant collection of Zoroastrian texts.
- Athens
- The Athenian Constitution [At MIT]
- The Athenian Constitution [At this Site, formerly ERIS][Full Text][Ascii Text in one file]
- Solon (c.640-after 561 BCE): Selected Fragments, [At Saskatchewan]
- Cleisthenes (c.525-after 507 BCE): Reform Texts [At Internet Archive, from Reed]
- Texts on Ostracism at Athens [At CSUN]
- Sparta
- The Great Rhetra [At CSUN]
A somewhat cryptic document which laid down the rules of government. - The Krypteia [At CSUN]
Forced theiving. - Plutarch (c.46-c.120 CE): Life of Lycurgus [At MIT]
- Aristotle (384-323 BCE): The Spartan Constitution from the Politics [This Site]
- 2ND Legal Status of Women in Sparta [At Internet Archive, from Reed]
- The Great Rhetra [At CSUN]
- Codes and Practices
- Law Code of Gortyn (Crete), c. 450 BCE [At this Site]
The most complete surviving Greek Law code. - Aeschines (c.390-c.322 BCE): Against Timarchus, full text, [At PWH]
A complete prosecutorial speech. - Aeschines (c.390-c.322 BCE): On the Embassy, full text [At this Site]
- Law Code of Gortyn (Crete), c. 450 BCE [At this Site]
- Philosophical/Literary Discussion
- Sophocles: Antigone 442 BCE [At Project Gutenberg]
See 2ND Study Guide [At Brooklyn College] - Sophocles: Antigone- 442 BCE [At Diotima]
A much more modern translation, with extensive annotation. - Plato: The Republic [At MIT][Full Text][Chapter length files]
See 2ND Study Guide [At Brooklyn College] - Plato: The Laws, c. 360 BCE, complete [At MIT]
- Aristotle: The Politics, excerpts from Books I, III, VII and VIII, [At this Site]
- Aristotle: The Politics, c. 350 BCE, complete [At MIT]
- Sophocles: Antigone 442 BCE [At Project Gutenberg]
- Plutarch (c.46-c.120 CE): Life of Demetrius [At MIT]
- Athanaeus (fl. c. 200 CE): The Great Spectacle and Procession of Ptolemy II Philadelphus, 285 BCE [This Site]
- 2ND Edward Gibbon: The Idea of Roman Jurisprudence [At this Site]
Foundations
- Livy (59 BCE-17 CE): The Roman Way of Declaring War, c. 650 BCE, from History of Rome I.34 [At this Site]
- The Twelve Tables 451/450 BCE selections, [At CSUN]and in The Twelve Tables 451/450 BCE selections, [At this Site]
- Polybius (c.200-after 185 BCE): Rome at the End of the Punic Wars [History, Book 6] [At this Site] (Public Domain unlike next selection, which is a more recent version.)
Includes an extended comparison of Rome and Carthage. - Polybius (c.200-after 185 BCE) Book 6.11-18: The Constitution of the Roman Republic [At Saskatchewan]
- Polybius (c.200-after 185 BCE): Extensive Selections, [At Internet Archive, from Princeton]
Book I, sections 1-6 , 14 , 17 , 59 , 63-64; Book VI. 1-42, 53-58; Book X. 2-3; Book XXXI. 22-30 - 2ND The Concepts of Fides and Virtus [At CSUN]
- 2ND The Republican Constitution [Modern Account][At Internet Archive, from Reed]
Civil Wars and Revolution
- Appian {1st Cent CE): The Civil Wars (On the Gracchi) [This Site]
- Plutarch (c.46-c.120 CE): Life of Tiberius Gracchus (c.164-133 BCE) [At MIT]
- Plutarch (c.46-c.120 CE): Tiberius Gracchus(c.164-133 BCE) translated by John Dryden, excerpts [At this Site]
See 2ND Sources on Tiberius Gracchus [At Reed] - Plutarch (c.46-c.120 CE) Life of Caius Gracchus (c.121 BCE)[At MIT]
- The Gracchi [Modern Account][At Internet Archive, from Reed]
- Cicero (105-43 BCE)
- Cicero (105-43 BCE): On the Laws, excerpts from Books II and III, [At this Site]
- Cicero (105-43 BCE): On the Republic, excerpts from Book I, [At this Site]
- Cicero (105-43 BCE): On the Republic: Scipio's Dream, excerpts from Book VI, [At this Site]
- The Roman Candidate, 64, 54 BCE [At this Site]
Quintus Cicero, Letter to His Brother Marcus Cicero, on the problems of running for office.
The Principate to 192 CE
- Augustus
- Cicero (105-43 BCE): Selections from Letters on the Rise of Augustus [At Saskatchewan]
- Tacitus (b.56/57-after 117 CE): The End of the Republic [This Site]
- Tacitus: (b.56/57-after 117 CE): The Life of Gnaeus Julius Agricola [At UNRV]
Augustus' friend and, if you follow R. Syme, fellow conspirator. Contains a famous speech condemning imperialism by Calgacus. - Augustus (63 BCE-14 CE): Acts of the Divine Augustus (Res Gestae Divi Augusti) [At MIT]
- Augustus (63 BCE-14 CE): Res Gestae [In Latin][At CSUN]
- Augustus (63 BCE-14 CE): Selections from the Acts of the Divine Augustus (Res Gestae Divi Augusti) [At Saskatchewan]
- Augustus (63 BCE-14 CE): Res Gestae Divi Augusti, c. 14 CE, long excerpts, in English. [At this Site]
- Augustus (63 BCE-14 CE): Select Testimonia [At Saskatchewan]
- Augustan Encomiums, c. 31 BCE - 14 CE [At this Site]
Horace (65-8 BCE): Secular hymn, and Vergil (70-19 BCE): Aeneid, VI.ii.789-800, 847-853. - Suetonius (c.69-after 122 CE): Life of Augustus (outline)(63 BCE-14 CE) [At CSUN]
- Suetonius (c.69-after 122 CE): Life of Augustus (63 BCE-14 CE) [At this Site]
- Nicolaus of Damascus (1st Cent CE): Life of Augustus (63 BCE-14 CE)[At CSUN]
- Augustus' Legislation [At CSUN]
- Velleius Paterculus (c.19 BCE-after 30 CE): The Battle of Teutoburg Forest, 9 CE [At Hillsdale]
- The Julio-Claudian Dynasty 14-68 CE
- Proclamation of Nero's Succession Nov 17,-CE [in Greek and English][At K. C. Hanson's website]
- The Flavian Emperors 69-96 CE
- Tacitus (b.56/57-after 117 CE): The Legions Proclaim Vespasian Emperor, 69 CE [This Site]
- Lex De Imperio Vespasiano "The Law concerning the power of Vespasian" [document designation: ILS 244] 69/70 CE [At Internet Archive, from Iowa State]
- The Adoptive Emperors 96-192 CE
- Tacitus (b.56/57-after 117 CE): The Principle of Adoption [At this Site]
Later Roman Law
- WEB See the Medieval Legal History page, at the Medieval Sourcebook, for texts on late Roman law and the Corpus Juris Civilis.
- Citizenship
- Tacitus (b.56/57-after 117 CE): Admitting Provincials to the Senate, 48 CE [At this Site]
A speech by the emperor Claudius. - Claudius (b. 10 BCE, r. 41 CE - d.54 CE).: A Discourse in the Senate, c. 48 CE [At this Site]
Same speech as above, but based on a surviving inscription.
- Tacitus (b.56/57-after 117 CE): Admitting Provincials to the Senate, 48 CE [At this Site]
- Egypt
- Egypt under the Roman Empire, excerpts from Strabo (64/3 BC- c.21 CE): Geography and Oxyrhynchus papyri. [At This Site]
- Rules for Administering the "Special Account" of Egypt, c. 150/161 CE, [Berlin pap. 1210] [At Diotima]
This link contains those regulations (out of 115) pertaining to women and marriage. The document as a whole shows the Roman exploitation of Egypt.
Military Revolution and Government
- Diocletian (r.284-305 CE): Prices Edict, 301 CE in Latin [At Bib.Augustana]
- Diocletian (284-305 CE) and Constantine (308-337 CE): Efforts to Stabilize the Economy [This Site]
- Map: The Fourfold Division of the Empire [At Citrag]
- The Tetrarchs [At Bluffton] 2ND Edward Gibbon: On the Fall of the Roman Empire [At this Site][added 7/2/98 to Rome page]
- 2ND Bruce Bartlett: How Excessive Government Killed Ancient Rome, Cato Institute Journal 14: 2, Fall 1994 [At Cato.org]
An example of ancient history being seen through distinctly modern eyes! [Be wary of all such "explanations" which do not consider the survival of the Eastern Empire.]
The "Triumph" of the Church
- Eusebius (c.260-340 CE): Ecclesiastical History - Conversion of Constantine [At Medieval Sourcebook]
- Edit of Galerius and the "Edict of Milan" 311/313 [At Medieval Sourcebook]
- Codex Theodosianus: On Religion, 4th Cent CE. [At Medieval Sourcebook]
- Junillus: Instituta Regularia c. 542 CE [At U Penn]
- WEB See Indian History Sourcebook
- The Laws of Manu, c. 1500 BCE, full text, [At this Site]
- The Vinaya [Buddhist Monastic Code], full text [At Access to Insight]
- Kautilya: The Arthashastra, c. 250 BCE [At this Site]
Extensive selections - Ashoka (c. 265-238 BCE; also given as c. 273-232 BCE): The Edicts of King Ashoka, complete, [At Colorado State]
- Ashoka (c. 265-238 BCE; also given as c. 273-232 BCE): The Rock Edicts, c. 257 BCE, excerpts, [At this Site]
- WEB See East Asian History Sourcebook
- Mencius: Selections from the Mencius
- Xunzi: Selections from the Xunzi
- Han Fei tzu (d. 233 BCE): Selections from the Writings of Han Fei. c. 230 BCE
- Han Fei Tzu (d. 233 BCE): Legalist Views on Good Government [At WSU]
- Han Fei tzu: Legalism [At Internet Archive, from CCNY]
- Sima Qian: The Legalist Polices of the Qin
includes text of edicts. - K'ang-Hsi: The Sacred Edicts [At WSU]
- WEB See East Asian History Sourcebook
- Prince Shotoku: The Seventeen Article Constitution from the Nihongi, 604 CE [At WSU]
- Ancient Japanese Constitution [At WSU]
- Emperor Kotoku: Taika Reform Edicts, 645 CE [At WSU]
By which Japan was centralized as one country.
- 1916: The Easter Uprising (1148 clicks)
Description: - A. Nicholson, Annals of the famine in Ireland, in 1847, 1848, and 1849 (2107 clicks)
Description: Published New York: E. French, 1851. A contemporary account of the Irish famine. - About Local Ireland: 1798 Rebellions (1944 clicks)
Description: Good look into the rebellions. - Ancient Eire (1926 clicks)
Description: Cead Míle Failte to Ancient Eire. Lots of links. - Ballymoney and the 1798 Rebellion (1681 clicks)
Description: The Rebellion of 1798 was an attempt to bring ‘a complete and radical reform of the representation of the people in Parliament’ which had to include ‘Irishmen of every religious persuasion’. The events of the late 18th century in the Ballymoney area are told on the following pages, prepared by Keith Beattie of Ballymoney Museum. - Bawnboy Workhouse (1712 clicks)
Description: Photos of a workhouse. - Book of Kells (662 clicks)
Description: - Brehon Law Project (2080 clicks)
Description: The Digital Corpus of Ancient Irish Law - Catastrophic Dimensions: The Rupture of English and Irish Identities in Early Modern Ireland, 1534-1 (1715 clicks)
Description: "This essay's intent is to assess the relationship between the anti-Catholic legislation passed by the Irish parliament of 1613-1615 and the emergence of a distinct national identity in early modern Ireland." - CELT: Corpus of Electronic Texts (1698 clicks)
Description: "The online resource for contemporary and historical Irish documents in literature, history and politics." - Chapters of Dublin (1833 clicks)
Description: The history of Dublin, Ireland. Over 20 out of copyright books. Also historical photographs and general articles. - Chronology of Ireland (2515 clicks)
Description: Welcome to the Chronology of Ireland - the largest resource of its kind on the Internet - which presents information on people and events connected to Ireland over the past four centuries. - Coverage of the Irish Famine in the Times, 1846-1851 (1376 clicks)
Description: In the London times. - Dungarvan Museum Society (957 clicks)
Description: To present the history of Dungarvan and west Waterford area in a chronological order through a series of well illustrated panels and displays. - Ed Lengel, A "Perverse and Ill-Fated People": English Perceptions of the Irish, 1845-52 (1247 clicks)
Description: The 150th anniversary of the Irish potato famine in autumn 1996 is already stirring a highly emotional reappraisal of the history of English treatment of Ireland. The belief that the racist English refused substantial famine relief to Ireland because of their hatred for the Celtic race is widespread both within and outside the scholarly community. - Edmund Spenser, A View of the Present State of Ireland (1133 clicks)
Description: Reprint of the 1596 book. - Edmund Spenser, A View of the Present State of Ireland (907 clicks)
Description: Reprint of the 1596 book. - Edmund Spenser, A View of the Present State of Ireland (874 clicks)
Description: Reprint of the 1596 book. - Enhanced British Parliamentary Papers on Ireland (1140 clicks)
Description: EPPI features a comprehensive searchable database of Parliamentary Papers relating to Ireland 1801-1922, with bibliographic information, Library of Congress subject descriptors and, for a significant selection of items, abstracts of contents. Searchable full-text files of all 13,700 documents will be available online by 2005. - Garda Síochána Historical Society - Irish Police History (1011 clicks)
Description: "The Society's aim is to bring the history and traditions of policing in Ireland (especially the history of the Garda Síochána) into the public arena in an organised fashion." - Great Hunger Archive, The (581 clicks)
Description: - Great Potato Famine (350 clicks)
Description: - Hardiman, History of Galway (279 clicks)
Description: James Hardiman (also known as Seamus O hArgadain) was trained as a lawyer and became sub-commissioner of public records in Dublin Castle. - Histories of the Famine (1270 clicks)
Description: The death of so many during the Famine can not be accounted for with a single explanation pointing a finger at one party or event. One must consult Cultural History, Political History, Economic History, History of Plants and of Fungus, the History of Climate and of Geology and who knows what other histories to even begin to describe the complex entity known as the Great Potato Famine. - History of the Great Irish Famine of 1847 (3rd ed.) (1902) (322 clicks)
Description: John O'Rourke,The History of the Great Irish Famine of 1847 (3rd ed.) (1902) With Notices of Earlier Irish Famines - Interpreting The Irish Famine, 1846-1850 (1725 clicks)
Description: The Irish Famine of 1846-50 took as many as one million lives from hunger and disease, and changed the social and cultural structure of Ireland in profound ways. The Famine also spurred new waves of immigration, thus shaping the histories of the United States and Britain as well. - Ireland History in Maps (1325 clicks)
Description: Excellent resource - Ireland, Peel and Repeal (1126 clicks)
Description: Subtitled "PRIME MINISTER ROBERT PEEL'S STRUGGLE TO REPEAL THE CORN LAWS IN RESPONSE TO THE IRISH POTATO FAMINE OF 1845 AS REVEALED BY THE ANNUAL REGISTER.' - Irish Architecture Online (1135 clicks)
Description: Archéire is the online community for Irish architecture and design. It is intended to heighten awareness of architecture within Ireland, and to foster international awareness and dialogue. It is a diverse, growing collection of architectural sites, with emphasis ranging from history and preservation to current architectural developments and issues. - Irish History in Maps (1126 clicks)
Description: Excellent site. - Irish History on the Web (1462 clicks)
Description: Covers all of Irish history - Irish Military History (1113 clicks)
Description: IRISH MILITARY HISTORY: AN INTRODUCTORY BIBLIOGRAPHICAL ESSAY ON SECONDARY WORKS. by Paul V. Walsh - Irish Penal Laws (1259 clicks)
Description: "From the consolidation of English power in 1691 until well into the nineteenth century, religion was the gulf which divided the colonial rulers of Ireland from the native majority. This sectarian division resulted from deliberate government policy. It reached into political, economic, and personal life, through a series of statutes known as the Penal Laws. This site contains the texts of these laws." - Irish Republican History and Information (1445 clicks)
Description: Pre-20th Century | Easter Rising and Creation of Irish Republic|Irish Republican Army | Prisoners | IRSM history | Sinn Féin history | Other - Irish Resources in the Humanities (380 clicks)
Description: - Liberation of Ireland (1470 clicks)
Description: The 1916 Easter Rising - The Liberation - The Irish Revolution (1919-22) - The Irish Free State (1922-37) - Éire (1937-49) - The Republic of Ireland - Economic Gains - Political Developments - Shifts in Power - The Great Famine (external link) - Irish National Anthem - Irish Declaration of Independence - Irish National Anthem - Presidents & Taoiseachs - Michael Collins (968 clicks)
Description: Biography of the Irish revolutionary. - National Archives of Ireland (1567 clicks)
Description: Although a small sample of archival documents can be viewed on-line at this site, these pages mostly provide access to finding aids (item-level databases, lists of files, etc.), guides to research, and other information concerning the National Archives and its holdings. It is hoped that visitors will gain some idea of whether collections or documents held by the National Archives are likely to contain information of interest to them, and that they will also find information of use in planning a visit to the National Archives. - Navan Fort/Emain Macha (1008 clicks)
Description: "In Ireland to the west of Armagh city lies Navan Fort, the ancient Emain Macha, the first capital of Ulster and one of the most remarkable and mysterious Celtic monuments in the world." - Newgrange Passage Tomb (290 clicks)
Description: Although not the oldest passage tomb in Ireland, Newgrange is without doubt Irelands best known prehistoric monument. Dated to around 3200 BC, Newgrange is 1,000 older than Stonehenge and centuries older than the great pyramids of Egypt. - Patrick Pearse [Padraig MacPiarais] (1879-1916) (1035 clicks)
Description: By John L. Murphy. Irish leader. - Personalities of Ireland in the period 1798-1803 (1179 clicks)
Description: Short biographies of Edmund Burke, Frederick Hervey, Earl of Bristol, Sir Boyle Roche, Henry Grattan, John Philpot Curran, Richard Martin, Theobald Wolfe Tone, Lord Edward Fitzgerald Robert Stewart, Viscount Castlereagh, Daniel O'Connell, and Robert Emmett. - Reinterpreting the 1798 Rebellion in County Wexford (1002 clicks)
Description: Kevin Whelan looks at the rebellion with a critical eye. - Remembering Bloody Sunday, January 30, 1972 (900 clicks)
Description: Republican site. Inquiry into the shootings. - Shaw's Dublin City Directory 1850 (999 clicks)
Description: Trace as it was in 1850. - The "Confessio" of Saint Patrick (1051 clicks)
Description: Autobiography. Good on life in the British Isles. - The Famine (1031 clicks)
Description: Good introduction. - The Famine--"The Times"--and Donegal (1057 clicks)
Description: Published in The [London] Times in 1846. - The Great Irish Famine (1109 clicks)
Description: Thomas Archdeacon provides data as part of his course on the famine. - The Irish Potato Famine (1271 clicks)
Description: Many links to various sites - The Norman Conquest of Ireland (12th Century) (1160 clicks)
Description: Translation of the account of Gerald of Wales (1146-1223). - The Normans & Maguire Kings of Fermanagh (1007 clicks)
Description: Short history. - The Normans in Ireland (1169-1535) (1066 clicks)
Description: From south Wales, the Anglo-Normans began the conquest of Ireland. - The Rebellion of 1798: A document facsimile pack (516 clicks)
Description: These 17 facsimile documents plus explanatory information, chosen from the archives to illustrate different aspects of the 1798 Rebellion of the United Irishmen. The pack includes a note for teachers regarding the use of the pack for educational purposes. - The Strange Disappearance of the Irish Crown Jewels (1075 clicks)
Description: Did the British take them? - Transportation Records Database to Australia (1015 clicks)
Description: "The National Archives of Ireland holds a wide range of records relating to transportation of convicts from Ireland to Australia covering the period 1788 to 1868. In some cases these include records of members of convicts' families transported as free settlers. To mark the Australian Bicentenary in 1988, the Taoiseach presented microfilms of the most important of these records to the Government and People of Australia as a gift from the Government and People of Ireland. A computerised index to the records was prepared with the help of IBM and is available for use at various locations in Australia." - United Irish Website (1274 clicks)
Description: "Welcome to the Linen Hall Library's United Irish Website, hosted by the Belfast Telegraph, containing a unique selection of contemporary sources of the period 1791-1803 which are held in the Irish and Local History Collections of the Linen Hall Library, Belfast's oldest library. Over 300 articles from the newspapers and periodicals of the day, extracts from polemical pamphlets, correspondence of the primary participants, and contemporary illustrations and maps were selected by Dr Brigitte Anton (Historian) and John Killen (Deputy Librarian of the Linen Hall Library)." - Views of the Famine (1172 clicks)
Description: Views taken from contemporary newspapers - Waterford City Archives (926 clicks)
Description: Holds the Archives of Waterford City government from seventeenth century. Also repository for many private, business and institutional collections relating to the city and its environs. - Your Irish Roots (1095 clicks)
Description: Your Irish Genealogy, Irish Surnames and Irish Coat of Arms resource. Includes history
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Impact of Christianity on The Brehon Laws
| 1 St. Patrick's Impact | 2 Columba and Celtic Christianity | 3 Recording the Brehon Laws |
| 4 Influence on the Content of the Laws | 5 The Place of the Church in Society | Return to Killeens Home Page |
Resource contents | |||||
